Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems. This encompasses technologies and methodologies that enable machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, language understanding, and decision-making. AI can be categorized into narrow AI, which is designed for specific tasks (like facial recognition or internet searches), and general AI, which would possess the ability to perform any intellectual task that a human can do. AI leverages various approaches, including machine learning, where algorithms improve through experience, and deep learning, which uses neural networks to analyze data. The goal of AI research and development is to create machines that can function autonomously and assist humans in various domains, from healthcare to finance, enhancing efficiency and effectiveness in numerous applications.